1. 词性和定义：’umbra’ 是一个名词，指的是完全的阴影（通常是由日食或月食产生的）。它也可以表示意义、思想或理论的暗影或遮蔽。
例句：
– A total solar eclipse can only be seen from the path of the umbra, where the sun is completely blocked by the moon.
– His success was always overshadowed by the umbra of his controversial past.
– The play explores the umbra of the human psyche, delving into the darker aspects of the characters’ personalities.
2. 起源和发展：’umbra’ 这个单词的起源可以追溯到拉丁语，意为“影子”。它在天文学和物理学领域中用得非常广泛，但在文学和艺术中也有着重要的意义。例如，它可以用于描述一个人或物品在某种情况下的遮蔽或暗示。
例句：
– In medieval art, the umbra was often used symbolically to represent death or danger.
– The novel’s protagonist is haunted by the umbra of his past mistakes.
– The painting features a palm tree casting an umbra over the beach.
3. 相关词汇和短语：与 ‘umbra’ 相关的词汇和短语包括 ‘penumbra’（半影）、’umbrella’（伞）和 ‘umbilical’（脐带的）等。
例句：
– During a partial solar eclipse, the moon pes through the penumbra of the sun, creating a partial shadow.
– The tourist opened her umbrella to shield herself from the rain.
– The baby was born with the umbilical cord wrapped around his neck.
中文例句：
– 日全食只能在月影轨迹上看到，那里太阳被月亮完全遮住了。
– 他的成功总是被他有争议的过去的暗影所遮蔽。
– 这部剧探讨了人类心灵的阴影，深入探讨了人物人格中更黑暗的方面。
umbra的中文翻译是“本影”，读音为/ˈʌmbrə/。
例句：
1. During a solar eclipse, the moon’s umbra casts a shadow on the Earth.
在日食期间，月球的本影会在地球上投下一道影子。
2. The painting was deliberately made with an umbra tone to create a somber, moody atmosphere.
这幅画刻意使用本影色调，以营造沉闷、忧郁的气氛。
3. The city streets were empty and silent, with only the umbra of streetlights casting a dim glow.
城市街道空无一人，只有路灯的本影投射着微弱的光芒。
umbra在英语中代表”本影 、蚀时的地球”的意思，还有化的意思，发音音标为[‘ʌmbrә]，umbra常被用作名词，在《实用全新英汉双解大词典》中，共找到22个与umbra相关的例句。
1.本影
例句:By studying the realms of the Umbra, they learn to understand great secrets, increasing their mystical understanding or Gnosis. (通过了解影界世界，他们探寻那些大秘密、扩大对神秘世界的了解、增进灵知的力量。)
2.蚀时的地球
例句:The Umbra witch… possesses the outstanding power the sage spoke of. (暗影魔女 就如流明贤者所说 的确是惊人的力量)
3.化
例句:Moon enters umbra: Instant of first external tangency of Moon with the umbra. (初亏：月球由东缘慢慢进入地影，月球与地球本影第一次外切。)
4.中央暗黑部、化
例句:This includes the continuous survey of umbra and penumbra of the sunspot. (翻译:这包括对太阳黑子本影和半影持续的观测。)
umbra一般作为名词使用，如在enter the umbra(进入阴影)、erythrocyte umbra(红细胞影，血影)、Nocera Umbra([地名] 诺切拉翁布拉 ( 意 ))等常见短语中出现较多。
1. Moon enters umbra: Instant of first external tangency of Moon with the umbra. (翻译:初亏：月球由东缘慢慢进入地影，月球与地球本影第一次外切。)
2. This includes the continuous survey of umbra and penumbra of the sunspot. (翻译:这包括对太阳黑子本影和半影持续的观测。)
3. For this reason, the realm of spirit is known as the Umbra, the “shadow” of creation. (翻译:正因为如此，灵魂存在的空间被称为影界——一切造物的影子。)
4. The center of the umbra is much darker than its edges, ” it says. (翻译:阴影的中心要比边缘暗得多，”杂志上说。)
umbra作为名词的时候，其近义词以及反义词有s、umbras等。
